Centennial evolution of monthly solar wind speeds : fastest monthly solar wind speeds from long‐duration coronal holes |
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Author: | Lukianova, Renata1,2,3; Holappa, Lauri1; Mursula, Kalevi1 |
Organizations: |
1ReSoLVE Centre of Excellence, Space Climate Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland 2Geophysical Center of Russian Academy of Science, Moscow, Russia 3Space Research Institute, Moscow, Russia |
Format: | article |
Version: | published version |
Access: | open |
Online Access: | PDF Full Text (PDF, 0.9 MB) |
Persistent link: | http://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi-fe201903057167 |
Language: | English |
Published: |
American Geophysical Union,
2017
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Publish Date: | 2019-03-05 |
Description: |
AbstractHigh‐speed solar wind streams (HSSs) are very efficient drivers of geomagnetic activity at high latitudes. In this paper we use a recently developed ΔH parameter of geomagnetic activity, calculated from the nightside hourly magnetic field measurements of the Sodankylä observatory, as a proxy for solar wind (SW) speed at monthly time resolution in 1914–2014 (solar cycles 15–24). The seasonal variation in the relation between monthly ΔH and solar wind speed is taken into account by calculating separate regressions between ΔH and SW speed for each month. Thereby, we obtain a homogeneous series of proxy values for monthly solar wind speed for the last 100 years. We find that the strongest HSS‐active months of each solar cycle occur in the declining phase, in years 1919, 1930, 1941, 1952, 1959, 1973, 1982, 1994, and 2003. Practically all these years are the same or adjacent to the years of annual maximum solar wind speeds. This implies that the most persistent coronal holes, lasting for several solar rotations and leading to the highest annual SW speeds, are also the sources of the highest monthly SW speeds. Accordingly, during the last 100 years, there were no coronal holes of short duration (of about one solar rotation) that would produce faster monthly (or solar rotation) averaged solar wind than the most long‐living coronal holes in each solar cycle produce. see all
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Series: |
Journal of geophysical research. Space physics |
ISSN: | 2169-9380 |
ISSN-E: | 2169-9402 |
ISSN-L: | 2169-9380 |
Volume: | 122 |
Issue: | 3 |
Pages: | 2740 - 2747 |
DOI: | 10.1002/2016JA023683 |
OADOI: | https://oadoi.org/10.1002/2016JA023683 |
Type of Publication: |
A1 Journal article – refereed |
Field of Science: |
115 Astronomy and space science |
Subjects: | |
Funding: |
We acknowledge the financial support by the Academy of Finland to the ReSoLVE Centre of Excellence (project 272157). |
Academy of Finland Grant Number: |
272157 |
Detailed Information: |
272157 (Academy of Finland Funding decision) |
Copyright information: |
© 2017. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. |