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A method for preparing epoxy-cellulose nanofiber composites with an oriented structure |
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| Author: | Nissilä, Tuukka1; Hietala, Maiju1; Oksman, Kristiina2,3,4 |
| Organizations: |
1Fibre and Particle Engineering Research Unit, Faculty of Technology, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland 2 Fibre and Particle Engineering Research Unit, Faculty of Technology, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland 3 Division of Materials Science, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Luleå University of Technology, SE-97187 Luleå, Sweden
4 Mechanical & Industrial Engineering (MIE), University of Toronto, 5 King’s College Road, Toronto, ON M5S 3G8, Canada
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| Format: | article |
| Version: | published version |
| Access: | open |
| Online Access: | PDF Full Text (PDF, 4.5 MB) |
| Persistent link: | http://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi-fe2019080123395 |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier,
2019
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| Publish Date: | 2019-08-01 |
| Description: |
AbstractA method was developed for processing cellulose nanocomposites using conventional vacuum infusion. Porous cellulose nanofiber networks were prepared via ice-templating and used as preforms for impregnation with a bio-epoxy resin. Microscopy studies showed a unidirectionally oriented micrometer-scale pore structure that facilitated the infusion process by providing flow channels for the resin. The permeability of the preforms was comparable to that of natural fiber mats, and the infusion time significantly decreased after optimizing the processing temperature. The flexural modulus of the bio-epoxy increased from 2.5 to 4.4 GPa, the strength increased from 89 to 107 MPa, and the storage modulus increased from 2.8 to 4.2 GPa with 13 vol% cellulose nanofibers. The mechanical properties also showed anisotropy, as the flexural and storage moduli were approximately 25% higher in the longitudinal direction, indicating that the nanofiber network inside the epoxy matrix had an oriented nature. see all
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| Series: |
Composites. Part A, Applied science and manufacturing |
| ISSN: | 1359-835X |
| ISSN-E: | 1878-5840 |
| ISSN-L: | 1359-835X |
| Volume: | 125 |
| Article number: | 105515 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.compositesa.2019.105515 |
| OADOI: | https://oadoi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2019.105515 |
| Type of Publication: |
A1 Journal article – refereed |
| Field of Science: |
216 Materials engineering |
| Subjects: | |
| Funding: |
Business Finland (formerly The Finnish Funding Agency for Technology and Innovation, TEKES) is acknowledged for their financial support (grant no. 1841/31/2014). The authors would also like to thank Stora Enso (Oulu, Finland) for providing the pulp raw material and Mr .Jani Österlund for performing the nanofibrillation. |
| Copyright information: |
© 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/BY-NC-ND/4.0/). |
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https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |