Alkali-activated soapstone waste - mechanical properties, durability, and economic prospects |
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Author: | Luukkonen, Tero1; Abdollahnejad, Zahra1; Yliniemi, Juho1; |
Organizations: |
1University of Oulu, Fibre and Particle Engineering Research Unit, P.O. Box 8000, FI-90014, Finland |
Format: | article |
Version: | published version |
Access: | open |
Online Access: | PDF Full Text (PDF, 1.5 MB) |
Persistent link: | http://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi-fe2019080723644 |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Elsevier,
2019
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Publish Date: | 2019-08-07 |
Description: |
AbstractSoapstone is a soft, magnesium-rich mineral widely used in the production of carved objects and architectural elements, for instance. The processing of soapstone causes the formation of significant amounts of waste powder, which is largely landfilled at the moment. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the suitability of soapstone waste as the main binder for the alkali-activation process using sodium silicate and hydroxide solutions as activators. The results demonstrate that soapstone alone reacts to some extent (compressive strength of 13 MPa at 28 day age), but mechanical properties are improved significantly after replacing 20% of soapstone by metakaolin (compressive strength of 31 MPa at 28 d age). The obtained mechanical properties are closely similar to those of virgin soapstone. Durability properties of the developed alkali-activated binders were similar or better than typical Portland cement-based binders in terms of high temperature, acid, and freeze-thaw resistance, and sorptivity. The material costs alkali-activated soapstone mortar were estimated as approximately 70 €/t. Thus, the results enable utilizing currently underexploited soapstone waste in a sustainable and economically interesting way. see all
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Series: |
Sustainable materials and technologies |
ISSN: | 2214-9937 |
ISSN-E: | 2214-9937 |
ISSN-L: | 2214-9937 |
Volume: | 22 |
Article number: | e00118 |
DOI: | 10.1016/j.susmat.2019.e00118 |
OADOI: | https://oadoi.org/10.1016/j.susmat.2019.e00118 |
Type of Publication: |
A1 Journal article – refereed |
Field of Science: |
216 Materials engineering 212 Civil and construction engineering 215 Chemical engineering |
Subjects: | |
Funding: |
This work was supported by the Finnish Funding Agency for Technology and Innovation (Tekes) (project GEOBIZ, grant number 1105/31/2016) and by the Academy of Finland (grant #292526: Novel synthesis methods for porous ceramics from mine tailings (CERATAIL)). |
Academy of Finland Grant Number: |
292526 |
Detailed Information: |
292526 (Academy of Finland Funding decision) |
Copyright information: |
© 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is anopen access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |