Atomic view into Plasmodium actin polymerization, ATP hydrolysis, and fragmentation |
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Author: | Kumpula, Esa-Pekka1; Lopez, Andrea J.2; Tajedin, Leila2; |
Organizations: |
1Biocenter Oulu and Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland 2Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway 3European XFEL GmbH, Schenefeld, Germany |
Format: | article |
Version: | published version |
Access: | open |
Online Access: | PDF Full Text (PDF, 3.6 MB) |
Persistent link: | http://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi-fe2019091227978 |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Public Library of Science,
2019
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Publish Date: | 2019-09-12 |
Description: |
AbstractPlasmodium actins form very short filaments and have a noncanonical link between ATP hydrolysis and polymerization. Long filaments are detrimental to the parasites, but the structural factors constraining Plasmodium microfilament lengths have remained unknown. Using high-resolution crystallography, we show that magnesium binding causes a slight flattening of the Plasmodium actin I monomer, and subsequent phosphate release results in a more twisted conformation. Thus, the Mg-bound monomer is closer in conformation to filamentous (F) actin than the Ca form, and this likely facilitates polymerization. A coordinated potassium ion resides in the active site during hydrolysis and leaves together with the phosphate, a process governed by the position of the Arg178/Asp180-containing A loop. Asp180 interacts with either Lys270 or His74, depending on the protonation state of the histidine, while Arg178 links the inner and outer domains (ID and OD) of the actin protomer. Hence, the A loop acts as a switch between stable and unstable filament conformations, the latter leading to fragmentation. Our data provide a comprehensive model for polymerization, ATP hydrolysis and phosphate release, and fragmentation of parasite microfilaments. Similar mechanisms may well exist in canonical actins, although fragmentation is much less favorable due to several subtle sequence differences as well as the methylation of His73, which is absent on the corresponding His74 in Plasmodium actin I. see all
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Series: |
PLoS biology |
ISSN: | 1544-9173 |
ISSN-E: | 1545-7885 |
ISSN-L: | 1544-9173 |
Volume: | 17 |
Issue: | 6 |
Article number: | e3000315 |
DOI: | 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000315 |
OADOI: | https://oadoi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3000315 |
Type of Publication: |
A1 Journal article – refereed |
Field of Science: |
1182 Biochemistry, cell and molecular biology |
Subjects: | |
Funding: |
This work was funded by grants to IK from the Academy of Finland (aka.fi), the Emil Aaltonen Foundation (emilaaltonen.fi), the Jane and Aatos Erkko Foundation (jaes.fi), the Norwegian Research Council (forskningsradet.no), and the Sigrid Jusélius Foundation (sigridjuselius.fi). |
Copyright information: |
© 2019 Kumpula et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |