Abstract

We analyze systems of clusters and interacting upon colliding—a collision between two clusters may lead to merging or fragmentation—and we also investigate the influence of additional spontaneous fragmentation events. We consider both closed systems in which the total mass remains constant and open systems driven by a source of small-mass clusters. In closed systems, the size distribution of aggregates approaches a steady state. For these systems the relaxation time and the steady state distribution are determined mostly by spontaneous fragmentation while collisional fragmentation plays a minor role. For open systems, in contrast, the collisional fragmentation dominates. In this case, the system relaxes to a quasi-stationary state where cluster densities linearly grow with time, while the functional form of the cluster size distribution persists and coincides with the steady state size distribution of a system which has the same aggregation and fragmentation rates and only collisional fragmentation.