The associations of body mass index, bioimpedance spectroscopy-based calf intracellular resistance, single-frequency bioimpedance analysis and physical performance of older people
Björkman, Mikko P.; Jyväkorpi, Satu K.; Strandberg, Timo E.; Pitkala, Kaisu H.; Tilvis, Reijo S. (2019-08-20)
Björkman, M.P., Jyväkorpi, S.K., Strandberg, T.E. et al. The associations of body mass index, bioimpedance spectroscopy-based calf intracellular resistance, single-frequency bioimpedance analysis and physical performance of older people. Aging Clin Exp Res 32, 1077–1083 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-019-01301-8
© Author(s) 2019. Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
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https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi-fe202003067519
Tiivistelmä
Abstract
Background: Bioimpedance skeletal muscle indices (SMI) are used as a surrogate for skeletal muscle mass, but their associations with physical functioning and obesity need further evaluation.
Aims: To compare the associations of body mass index (BMI), bioimpedance spectroscopy-based calf intracellular resistance (Cri-SMI), and single-frequency bioimpedance analysis (SF-SMI) indices with physical performance and the functioning of community-dwelling older people at risk of or already suffering from sarcopenia.
Methods: Pre-intervention measurements of the screened subjects and the participants of the Porvoo sarcopenia trial (N = 428) were taken. Cri-SMI, whole-body SF-SMI, and BMI were related to hand-grip strength, walking speed, short physical performance battery (SPPB), and the physical component of the RAND-36.
Results: Among the older people (aged 75–96), Cri-SMI correlated inversely with age (men r =- 0.113, p < 0.001; women r =- 0.287, p < 0.001), but positively with SPPB (r =0.241, p < 0.001) and the physical component of the RAND-36 (r =0.114, p =0.024), whereas BMI was inversely associated with SPPB (r =- 0.133, p < 0.001) and RAND-36 (r =- 0.286, p < 0.001). After controlling for age, gender, and comorbidity, one unit of Cri-SMI (cm2/Ω) was associated with a 3.3-fold probability of good physical performance (SPPB ≥ 9 points, OR =3.28, p < 0.001) and one unit of BMI (kg/m2) decreased the respective probability 4% (OR= 0.96, p =0.065). Physical inactivity partly explained the negative association of BMI. When Cri-SMI and BMI were controlled for, a 1% difference in Cri-SMI was associated with a 0.7% (p < 0.001) higher probability of good performance, the respective figure being - 2.2% (p =0.004) for BMI. The associations of SF-SMI with physical functioning indices were insignificant.
Conclusions: Independent of each other, Cri-SMI was positively and BMI was inversely associated with the physical performance and functioning of community-dwelling older people who were at risk of or already suffering from sarcopenia. We found no association between SF-SMI and physical functioning.
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