Room-temperature dissolution and chemical modification of cellulose in aqueous tetraethylammonium hydroxide–carbamide solutions |
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Author: | Sirviö, Juho Antti1; Heiskanen, Juha P.2 |
Organizations: |
1Fibre and Particle Engineering Research Unit, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 4300, 90014, Oulu, Finland 2Research Unit of Sustainable Chemistry, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 4300, 90014, Oulu, Finland |
Format: | article |
Version: | published version |
Access: | open |
Online Access: | PDF Full Text (PDF, 1.5 MB) |
Persistent link: | http://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi-fe2020041416445 |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Springer Nature,
2020
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Publish Date: | 2020-04-14 |
Description: |
AbstractThe room-temperature dissolution of cellulose in aqueous tetraethylammonium hydroxide (TEAOH) in the presence of carbamides (ureas) was investigated. Without carbamide, 35 wt% TEAOH was able to dissolve cellulose (microcrystalline cellulose) up to 3 wt%, whereas carbamides—such as urea, N-methylurea, N-ethylurea, 1,3-dimethylurea, and imidazolidone—were able to improve the dissolution of cellulose. At 5 wt% cellulose concentration, the highest carbamide contents in the solvent still able to dissolve cellulose within 1 h were 56 and 55 wt% of 1,3-dimethylurea and N-methylurea, respectively. When using urea, up to 15% of cellulose could be dissolved in a solution containing 22 wt% of urea. To demonstrate the possibility of the use of a carbamide-based solvent in cellulose modification, cationic cellulose was produced using glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride (GTAC). At a molar ratio of 1:3 of cellulose and GTAC, all the studied TEAOH–carbamide solvents produce cationic cellulose with higher charge density compared to the reference NaOH–urea solvent. see all
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Series: |
Cellulose |
ISSN: | 0969-0239 |
ISSN-E: | 1572-882X |
ISSN-L: | 0969-0239 |
Volume: | 27 |
Pages: | 1933 - 1950 |
DOI: | 10.1007/s10570-019-02907-x |
OADOI: | https://oadoi.org/10.1007/s10570-019-02907-x |
Type of Publication: |
A1 Journal article – refereed |
Field of Science: |
216 Materials engineering |
Subjects: | |
Funding: |
Open access funding provided by University of Oulu including Oulu University Hospital. J. A. S. thanks Kone Foundation for its financial support. |
Copyright information: |
© The Author(s) 2019. Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |