Lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration with plant stanol esters to reduce the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease events at a population level : a critical discussion |
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Author: | Gylling, Helena1; Strandberg, Timo E.1,2; Kovanen, Petri T.3; |
Organizations: |
1Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland 2Center for Life-Course Health Research, University of Oulu, 90570 Oulu, Finland 3Wihuri Research Institute, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
4Heart and Lung Center, Cardiology, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, 00029, Helsinki, Finland
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Format: | article |
Version: | published version |
Access: | open |
Online Access: | PDF Full Text (PDF, 0.6 MB) |
Persistent link: | http://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi-fe2020090868913 |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute,
2020
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Publish Date: | 2020-09-08 |
Description: |
AbstractAtherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVDs) cause every fifth death worldwide. However, it is possible to prevent the progression of ASCVDs by reducing circulating concentrations of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Recent large meta-analyses demonstrated that by reducing the dietary intake of saturated fat and cholesterol, it is possible to reduce the risk of ASCVD events. Plant stanols, as fatty-acid esters, were developed as a dietary adjunct to reduce LDL-C levels as part of a heart-healthy diet. They reduce cholesterol absorption so that less cholesterol is transported to the liver, and the expression of LDL receptors is upregulated. Ultimately, LDL-C concentrations are reduced on average by 9–12% by consuming 2–3 g of plant stanol esters per day. In this review, we discuss recent information regarding the prevention of ASCVDs with a focus on dietary means. We also present new estimates on the effect of plant stanol ester consumption on LDL-C levels and the risk of ASCVD events. Plant stanol esters as part of a heart-healthy diet plausibly offer a means to reduce the risk of ASCVD events at a population level. This approach is not only appropriate for subjects with a high risk of ASCVD, but also for subjects at an apparently lower risk to prevent subclinical atherosclerosis. see all
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Series: |
Nutrients |
ISSN: | 2072-6643 |
ISSN-E: | 2072-6643 |
ISSN-L: | 2072-6643 |
Volume: | 12 |
Issue: | 8 |
Article number: | 2346 |
DOI: | 10.3390/nu12082346 |
OADOI: | https://oadoi.org/10.3390/nu12082346 |
Type of Publication: |
A1 Journal article – refereed |
Field of Science: |
3121 General medicine, internal medicine and other clinical medicine |
Subjects: | |
Funding: |
Open access funding provided by University of Helsinki. |
Copyright information: |
© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |