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G. P. Wijesiri N.B.A., J. Haapola and T. Samarasinghe, "A Discrete-Time Markov Chain Based Comparison of the MAC Layer Performance of C-V2X Mode 4 and IEEE 802.11p," in IEEE Transactions on Communications, vol. 69, no. 4, pp. 2505-2517, April 2021, doi: 10.1109/TCOMM.2020.3044340

A discrete-time Markov chain based comparison of the MAC layer performance of C-V2X mode 4 and IEEE 802.11p

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Author: Wijesiri, Geeth P.1,2,3; Haapola, Jussi2; Samarasinghe, Tharaka1,4
Organizations: 1Department of Electronic and Telecommunication Engineering, University of Moratuwa, Sri Lanka
2Center for Wireless Communication, University of Oulu, Finland
3Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, University of Ruhuna, Sri Lanka
4Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Australia
Format: article
Version: accepted version
Access: open
Online Access: PDF Full Text (PDF, 3.6 MB)
Persistent link: http://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi-fe20201216100918
Language: English
Published: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2021
Publish Date: 2020-12-16
Description:

Abstract

Vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication plays a pivotal role in intelligent transport systems (ITS) with cellular-vehicle to everything (C-V2X) and IEEE 802.11p being the two competing enabling technologies. This paper presents multi-dimensional discrete-time Markov chain (DTMC) based models to study the medium access control (MAC) layer performance of the IEEE 802.11p standard and C-V2X Mode 4, considering periodic cooperative awareness messages (CAMs) and event-driven decentralized environmental notification messages (DENMs). Closed-form solutions for the models’ steady-state probabilities are obtained, which are then utilized to derive expressions for several key performance metrics. Numerical results are provided to draw insights on the performance. In particular, a performance comparison between IEEE 802.11p and C-V2X Mode 4 in terms of the average delay, the collision probability, and the channel utilization is presented. The results show that IEEE 802.11p is superior in terms of average delay, whereas C-V2X Mode 4 excels in collision resolution. The paper also includes design insights on possible future MAC layer performance enhancements of both standards.

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Series: IEEE transactions on communications
ISSN: 0090-6778
ISSN-E: 1558-0857
ISSN-L: 0090-6778
Volume: 69
Issue: 4
Pages: 2505 - 2517
DOI: 10.1109/TCOMM.2020.3044340
OADOI: https://oadoi.org/10.1109/TCOMM.2020.3044340
Type of Publication: A1 Journal article – refereed
Field of Science: 213 Electronic, automation and communications engineering, electronics
113 Computer and information sciences
Subjects:
C-V2X Mode 4
ETSI ITS-G5
IEEE 802.11p
discrete-time Markov chain
medium access control
vehicle-to-vehicle communication
Article
Funding: This research has been partially financially supported by the ITEA3 project APPSTACLE (15017), the Academy of Finland 6Genesis Flagship (grant 318927) and the AHEAD/RA3/RIC/MRT/ITS-Multidisciplinary Transport Development Project of the University of Moratuwa under World Bank grant 6026-LK/8743-LK.
Academy of Finland Grant Number: 318927
Detailed Information: 318927 (Academy of Finland Funding decision)
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