CSI-free vs CSI-based multi-antenna WET for massive low-power Internet of Things |
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Author: | López, Onel L. A.1; Mahmood, Nurul Huda1; Alves, Hirley1; |
Organizations: |
1Centre for Wireless Communications (CWC), University of Oulu, 90570 Oulu, Finland |
Format: | article |
Version: | published version |
Access: | open |
Online Access: | PDF Full Text (PDF, 2.1 MB) |
Persistent link: | http://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi-fe2021061036311 |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers,
2021
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Publish Date: | 2021-06-10 |
Description: |
AbstractWireless Energy Transfer (WET) is a promising solution for powering massive Internet of Things deployments. An important question is whether the costly Channel State Information (CSI) acquisition procedure is necessary for optimum performance. In this paper, we shed some light into this matter by evaluating CSI-based and CSI-free multi-antenna WET schemes in a setup with WET in the downlink, and periodic or Poisson-traffic Wireless Information Transfer (WIT) in the uplink. When CSI is available, we show that a maximum ratio transmission beamformer is close to optimum whenever the farthest node experiences at least 3 dB of power attenuation more than the remaining devices. On the other hand, although the adopted CSI-free mechanism is not capable of providing average harvesting gains, it does provide greater WET/WIT diversity with lower energy requirements when compared with the CSI-based scheme. Our numerical results evidence that the CSI-free scheme performs favorably under periodic traffic conditions, but it may be deficient in case of Poisson traffic, specially if the setup is not optimally configured. Finally, we show the prominent performance results when the uplink transmissions are periodic, while highlighting the need of a minimum mean square error equalizer rather than zero-forcing for information decoding. see all
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Series: |
IEEE transactions on wireless communications |
ISSN: | 1536-1276 |
ISSN-E: | 1558-2248 |
ISSN-L: | 1536-1276 |
Volume: | 20 |
Issue: | 5 |
Pages: | 3078 - 3094 |
Article number: | 9316281 |
DOI: | 10.1109/TWC.2020.3047355 |
OADOI: | https://oadoi.org/10.1109/TWC.2020.3047355 |
Type of Publication: |
A1 Journal article – refereed |
Field of Science: |
213 Electronic, automation and communications engineering, electronics |
Subjects: | |
Funding: |
This work was supported in part by the Academy of Finland (Aka) under Grant n.307492, Grant n.318927 (6Genesis Flagship), and Grant n.319008 (EE-IoT). |
Academy of Finland Grant Number: |
307492 318927 319008 |
Detailed Information: |
307492 (Academy of Finland Funding decision) 318927 (Academy of Finland Funding decision) 319008 (Academy of Finland Funding decision) |
Copyright information: |
© The Authors 2021. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. For more information, see https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |