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Risky emotional family environment in childhood and depression-related cytokines in adulthood : the protective role of compassion |
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| Author: | Saarinen, Aino1,2; Keltikangas-Järvinen, Liisa2; Dobewall, Henrik1; |
| Organizations: |
1Research Unit of Psychology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland 2Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland 3Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
4Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
5Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland 6MediCity Research Laboratory and Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland 7Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland 8Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland 9Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland 10Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland |
| Format: | article |
| Version: | accepted version |
| Access: | open |
| Online Access: | PDF Full Text (PDF, 1.3 MB) |
| Persistent link: | http://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi-fe2022022821007 |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
John Wiley & Sons,
2021
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| Publish Date: | 2022-08-10 |
| Description: |
AbstractBackground: Previously, compassion has been found to protect against depressive symptoms, while emotional adversities in childhood are suggested to increase inflammatory responses. The current study investigated (a) whether emotional family environment in childhood predicts levels of such cytokines in adulthood that are previously found to be elevated in depression (interleukin [IL]-2, IL-6, IL-1b, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, interferon-gamma [IFN-γ], and tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-α]) and (b) whether these associations are modified by compassion in adulthood. Methods: The participants (N = 1,198–1,523) came from the prospective population-based Young Finns data. Emotional family environment and parental socioeconomic factors were evaluated in 1980; participants’ compassion in 2001; and participants’ cytokine levels and adulthood covariates in 2007. Results: Risky emotional family environment in childhood predicted higher levels of IL-2, IL-6, IFN-γ, and TNF-α in adulthood. Additionally, there were significant interaction effects between compassion and emotional risk in childhood, when predicting IL-2, IL-6, and TNF-α. Specifically, individuals who grew up in a risky emotional family environment had on average higher levels of IL-2, IL-6, and TNF-α in adulthood when combined with low compassion. Conclusions: In individuals coming from risky emotional family environments, high compassion for others may protect against elevated levels of cytokines previously linked with depression. see all
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| Series: |
Developmental psychobiology |
| ISSN: | 0012-1630 |
| ISSN-E: | 1098-2302 |
| ISSN-L: | 0012-1630 |
| Volume: | 63 |
| Issue: | 5 |
| Pages: | 1190 - 1201 |
| DOI: | 10.1002/dev.22070 |
| OADOI: | https://oadoi.org/10.1002/dev.22070 |
| Type of Publication: |
A1 Journal article – refereed |
| Field of Science: |
515 Psychology |
| Subjects: | |
| Funding: |
This study was supported financially by the Academy of Finland (M.H., grant number 308676). The Young Finns Study has been financially supported by the Academy of Finland: grants 322098, 286284, 134309 (Eye), 126925, 121584, 124282, 129378 (Salve), 117787 (Gendi), and 41071 (Skidi); the Social Insurance Institution of Finland; Competitive State Research Financing of the Expert Responsibility area of Kuopio, Tampere and Turku University Hospitals (grant X51001); Juho Vainio Foundation; Paavo Nurmi Foundation; Finnish Foundation for Cardiovascular Research ; Finnish Cultural Foundation; The Sigrid Juselius Foundation; Tampere Tuberculosis Foundation; Emil Aaltonen Foundation; Yrjö Jahnsson Foundation; Signe and Ane Gyllenberg Foundation; Diabetes Research Foundation of Finnish Diabetes Association; EU Horizon 2020 (grant 755320 for TAXINOMISIS and grant 848146 for To Aition); European Research Council (grant 742927 for MULTIEPIGEN project); Tampere University Hospital Supporting Foundation and Finnish Society of Clinical Chemistry. |
| Academy of Finland Grant Number: |
308676 322098 |
| Detailed Information: |
308676 (Academy of Finland Funding decision) 322098 (Academy of Finland Funding decision) |
| Copyright information: |
© 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC. This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Saarinen, A, Keltikangas-Järvinen, L, Dobewall, H, et al. Risky emotional family environment in childhood and depression-related cytokines in adulthood: The protective role of compassion. Dev Psychobiol. 2021; 63: 1190– 1201, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1002/dev.22070. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions. This article may not be enhanced, enriched or otherwise transformed into a derivative work, without express permission from Wiley or by statutory rights under applicable legislation. Copyright notices must not be removed, obscured or modified. The article must be linked to Wiley’s version of record on Wiley Online Library and any embedding, framing or otherwise making available the article or pages thereof by third parties from platforms, services and websites other than Wiley Online Library must be prohibited. |