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Matthew D. Shupe, Markus Rex, Byron Blomquist, P. Ola G. Persson, Julia Schmale, Taneil Uttal, Dietrich Althausen, Hélène Angot, Stephen Archer, Ludovic Bariteau, Ivo Beck, John Bilberry, Silvia Bucci, Clifton Buck, Matt Boyer, Zoé Brasseur, Ian M. Brooks, Radiance Calmer, John Cassano, Vagner Castro, David Chu, David Costa, Christopher J. Cox, Jessie Creamean, Susanne Crewell, Sandro Dahlke, Ellen Damm, Gijs de Boer, Holger Deckelmann, Klaus Dethloff, Marina Dütsch, Kerstin Ebell, André Ehrlich, Jody Ellis, Ronny Engelmann, Allison A. Fong, Markus M. Frey, Michael R. Gallagher, Laurens Ganzeveld, Rolf Gradinger, Jürgen Graeser, Vernon Greenamyer, Hannes Griesche, Steele Griffiths, Jonathan Hamilton, Günther Heinemann, Detlev Helmig, Andreas Herber, Céline Heuzé, Julian Hofer, Todd Houchens, Dean Howard, Jun Inoue, Hans-Werner Jacobi, Ralf Jaiser, Tuija Jokinen, Olivier Jourdan, Gina Jozef, Wessley King, Amelie Kirchgaessner, Marcus Klingebiel, Misha Krassovski, Thomas Krumpen, Astrid Lampert, William Landing, Tiia Laurila, Dale Lawrence, Michael Lonardi, Brice Loose, Christof Lüpkes, Maximilian Maahn, Andreas Macke, Wieslaw Maslowski, Christopher Marsay, Marion Maturilli, Mario Mech, Sara Morris, Manuel Moser, Marcel Nicolaus, Paul Ortega, Jackson Osborn, Falk Pätzold, Donald K. Perovich, Tuukka Petäjä, Christian Pilz, Roberta Pirazzini, Kevin Posman, Heath Powers, Kerri A. Pratt, Andreas Preußer, Lauriane Quéléver, Martin Radenz, Benjamin Rabe, Annette Rinke, Torsten Sachs, Alexander Schulz, Holger Siebert, Tercio Silva, Amy Solomon, Anja Sommerfeld, Gunnar Spreen, Mark Stephens, Andreas Stohl, Gunilla Svensson, Janek Uin, Juarez Viegas, Christiane Voigt, Peter von der Gathen, Birgit Wehner, Jeffrey M. Welker, Manfred Wendisch, Martin Werner, ZhouQing Xie, Fange Yue; Overview of the MOSAiC expedition: Atmosphere. Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene 4 January 2022; 10 (1): 00060. doi: https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.2021.00060

Overview of the MOSAiC expedition : atmosphere

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Author: Shupe, Matthew D.1,2; Rex, Markus3; Blomquist, Byron1,2;
Persson, P. Ola G.1,2; Schmale, Julia4; Uttal, Taneil2; Althausen, Dietrich5; Angot, Helene4,6; Archer, Stephen7; Bariteau, Ludovic1,2; Beck, Ivo4; Bilberry, John8; Bucci, Silvia9; Buck, Clifton10; Boyer, Matt11; Brasseur, Zoe11; Brooks, Ian M.12; Calmer, Radiance1,13; Cassano, John1,13,14; Castro, Vagner15; Chu, David8; Costa, David1,2; Cox, Christopher J.2; Creamean, Jessie16; Crewell, Susanne17; Dahlke, Sandro3; Damm, Ellen18; de Boer, Gijs1,2,19; Deckelmann, Holger3; Dethloff, Klaus3; Duetsch, Marina9; Ebell, Kerstin17; Ehrlich, Andre20; Ellis, Jody21; Engelmann, Ronny5; Fong, Allison A.18; Frey, Markus M.22; Gallagher, Michael R.1,2; Ganzeveld, Laurens23; Gradinger, Rolf24; Graeser, Juergen3; Greenamyer, Vernon21; Griesche, Hannes5; Griffiths, Steele25; Hamilton, Jonathan1,2; Heinemann, Guenther26; Helmig, Detlev27; Herber, Andreas18; Heuze, Celine28; Hofer, Julian5; Houchens, Todd29; Howard, Dean1,2,6; Inoue, Jun30,31; Jacobi, Hans-Werner32; Jaiser, Ralf3; Jokinen, Tuija11; Jourdan, Olivier33; Jozef, Gina1,13,14; King, Wessley21; Kirchgaessner, Amelie22; Klingebiel, Marcus20; Krassovski, Misha34; Krumpen, Thomas18; Lampert, Astrid35; Landing, William36; Laurila, Tiia11; Lawrence, Dale37,38; Lonardi, Michael20; Loose, Brice39; Luepkes, Christof18; Maahn, Maximilian20; Macke, Andreas5; Maslowski, Wieslaw40; Marsay, Christopher10; Maturilli, Marion3; Mech, Mario17; Morris, Sara2; Moser, Manuel41,42; Nicolaus, Marcel18; Ortega, Paul8; Osborn, Jackson2; Paetzold, Falk35; Perovich, Donald K.43; Petaja, Tuukka11; Pilz, Christian5; Pirazzini, Roberta44; Posman, Kevin7; Powers, Heath8; Pratt, Kerri A.45; Preusser, Andreas26; Quelever, Lauriane11; Radenz, Martin5; Rabe, Benjamin18; Rinke, Annette3; Sachs, Torsten35,46; Schulz, Alexander3; Siebert, Holger5; Silva, Tercio47; Solomon, Amy1,2; Sommerfeld, Anja3; Spreen, Gunnar48; Stephens, Mark49; Stohl, Andreas9; Svensson, Gunilla50; Uin, Janek51; Viegas, Juarez8; Voigt, Christiane41,42; von der Gathen, Peter3; Wehner, Birgit5; Welker, Jeffrey M.52,53; Wendisch, Manfred20; Werner, Martin18; Xie, ZhouQing54; Yue, Fange54
Organizations: 1Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
2NOAA, Phys Sci Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
3Alfred Wegener Inst, Helmholtz Zentrum Polar & Meeresforsch, Potsdam, Germany.
4Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
5Leibniz Inst Tropospher Res, Leipzig, Germany.
6Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
7Bigelow Lab Ocean Sci, East Boothbay, ME USA.
8Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA.
9Univ Vienna, Dept Meteorol & Geophys, Vienna, Austria.
10Univ Georgia, Skidaway Inst Oceanog, Savannah, GA USA.
11Univ Helsinki, Fac Sci, Inst Atmospher & Earth Syst Res, Helsinki, Finland.
12Univ Leeds, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England.
13Univ Colorado, Natl Snow & Ice Data Ctr, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
14Univ Colorado, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
15Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
16Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
17Univ Cologne, Inst Geophys & Meteorol, Cologne, Germany.
18Alfred Wegener Inst, Helmholtz Zentrum Polar & Meeresforsch, Bremerhaven, Germany.
19Univ Colorado, Integrated Remote & In Situ Sensing, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
20Univ Leipzig, Leipzig Inst Meteorol, Leipzig, Germany.
21Hamelmann Commun, Pagosa Springs, CO USA.
22British Antarctic Survey, Nat Environm Res Council, Cambridge, England.
23Wageningen Univ, Wageningen, Netherlands.
24Arctic Univ Norway, UiT, Langnes, Norway.
25Australian Bur Meteorol, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.
26Univ Trier, Dept Environm Meteorol, Trier, Germany.
27Boulder AIR LLC, Boulder, CO USA.
28Univ Gothenburg, Dept Earth Sci, Gothenburg, Sweden.
29Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
30Natl Inst Polar Res, Tachikawa, Tokyo, Japan.
31Japan Agcy Marine Earth Sci & Technol, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan.
32Univ Grenoble Alpes, Inst Geosci & Environm Res, CNRS, IRD G INP, Grenoble, France.
33Univ Clermont Auvergne, Lab Meteorol Phys, LaMP CNRS UCA, Clermont Ferrand, France.
34Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
35TU Braunschweig, Inst Flight Guidance, Braunschweig, Germany.
36Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
37Univ Colorado, Res & Engn Ctr Unmanned Vehicles, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
38Univ Colorado, Aerosp Engn Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
39Univ Rhode Isl, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
40Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA.
41Deutsch Zentrum Luft & Raumfahrt DLR, Inst Phys Atmosphere, Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany.
42Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys Atmosphere, Mainz, Germany.
43Dartmouth Coll, Thayer Sch Engn, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.
44Finnish Meteorol Inst, Helsinki, Finland.
45Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
46GFZ German Res Ctr Geosci, Potsdam, Germany.
47Univ Acores, Ponta Delgado, Portugal.
48Univ Bremen, Inst Environm Phys, Bremen, Germany.
49Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA.
50Stockholm Univ, Stockholm, Sweden.
51Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
52Univ Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, AK USA.
53Univ Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
54Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Hefei, Peoples R China.
Format: article
Version: published version
Access: open
Online Access: PDF Full Text (PDF, 8.9 MB)
Persistent link: http://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi-fe2022081755590
Language: English
Published: University of California Press, 2022
Publish Date: 2022-08-17
Description:

Abstract

With the Arctic rapidly changing, the needs to observe, understand, and model the changes are essential. To support these needs, an annual cycle of observations of atmospheric properties, processes, and interactions were made while drifting with the sea ice across the central Arctic during the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition from October 2019 to September 2020. An international team designed and implemented the comprehensive program to document and characterize all aspects of the Arctic atmospheric system in unprecedented detail, using a variety of approaches, and across multiple scales. These measurements were coordinated with other observational teams to explore crosscutting and coupled interactions with the Arctic Ocean, sea ice, and ecosystem through a variety of physical and biogeochemical processes. This overview outlines the breadth and complexity of the atmospheric research program, which was organized into 4 subgroups: atmospheric state, clouds and precipitation, gases and aerosols, and energy budgets. Atmospheric variability over the annual cycle revealed important influences from a persistent large-scale winter circulation pattern, leading to some storms with pressure and winds that were outside the interquartile range of past conditions suggested by long-term reanalysis. Similarly, the MOSAiC location was warmer and wetter in summer than the reanalysis climatology, in part due to its close proximity to the sea ice edge. The comprehensiveness of the observational program for characterizing and analyzing atmospheric phenomena is demonstrated via a winter case study examining air mass transitions and a summer case study examining vertical atmospheric evolution. Overall, the MOSAiC atmospheric program successfully met its objectives and was the most comprehensive atmospheric measurement program to date conducted over the Arctic sea ice. The obtained data will support a broad range of coupled-system scientific research and provide an important foundation for advancing multiscale modeling capabilities in the Arctic.

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Series: Elementa
ISSN: 2325-1026
ISSN-E: 2325-1026
ISSN-L: 2325-1026
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Article number: 00060
DOI: 10.1525/elementa.2021.00060
OADOI: https://oadoi.org/10.1525/elementa.2021.00060
Type of Publication: A1 Journal article – refereed
Field of Science: 1172 Environmental sciences
1171 Geosciences
Subjects:
Arctic
Atmosphere
Field campaign
Article
Funding: This work was funded by German Federal Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF) through financing the Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI) and the Polarstern expedition PS122 under grant N-2014-H-060_Dethloff, AWI through its projects: AWI_ATMO, AWI_ICE, AWI_SNOW, US National Science Foundation Office of Polar Programs (OPP-1724551, OPP-1805569, OPP-1807496, OPP-1914781, OPP-1852614, OPP-1753423, OPP-1753418, OPP-1753408), US Department of Energy—Office of Science Atmospheric Radiation Measurement and Atmospheric System Research Programs (DE-SC0019251, DE-SC0021341, DE-SC0019745, DE-SC0019172, DE-AC05-76RL01830), US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Physical Sciences Laboratory, Global Monitoring Laboratory, and Global Ocean Monitoring and Observing Program, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (268020496–TRR 172), within the Transregional Collaborative Research Center “Arctic Amplification: Climate Relevant Atmospheric and Surface Processes, and Feedback Mechanisms (AC)3”, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (LA 2907/11-1, SA 1884/6-1), European Regional Development Fund (ZW 6-85014470), European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program projects ARICE (grant 730965), INTAROS (grant 727890), INTERACT Program-Pan Arctic Precipitation Isotope Network, European Commission (689443), Swiss National Science Foundation (grant 200021_188478) and the Swiss Polar Institute, UK Natural Environment Research Council (grant NE/S002472/1, NE/S00257X/1), French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS), Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Administration and National Natural Science Foundation of China (41941014), Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JP18H03745, JP18KK0292), Academy of Finland (grant 318930, 333397, 337549, 329274, 307537) and University of Helsinki (752 84 128), University of the Arctic Research Chairship (U. Arctic and the University of Oulu).
Copyright information: © 2022 The Author(s). This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
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