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The burden of mental disorders, substance use disorders and self-harm among young people in Europe, 1990–2019 : Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 |
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| Author: | Castelpietra, Giulio1; Knudsen, Ann Kristin Skrindo2; Agardh, Emilie E.3; |
| Organizations: |
1Cent Hlth Directorate, Outpatient & Inpatient Care Serv, I-34100 Trieste, Italy. 2Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth, Ctr Dis Burden, Bergen, Norway. 3Karolinska Inst, Dept Global Publ Hlth, Stockholm, Sweden.
4Natl Inst Hlth, Dept Cardiovasc Endocrine Metab Dis & Aging, Rome, Italy.
5AUSL Romagna, Dept Mental Hlth, Ravenna, Italy. 6Aarhus Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Aarhus, Denmark. 7Univ Bari Aldo Moro, Dept Basic Med Sci Neurosci & Sense Organs, Bari, Italy. 8Fdn Cardinale Giovanni Panico Hosp, Dept Clin Res Neurol, Tricase, Italy. 9Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Dept Hlth Metr Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. 10AUSL Modena, Dept Mental Hlth & Drug Abuse, Modena, Italy. 11Univ East Anglia, Dept Primary Care & Publ Hlth, Norwich, Norfolk, England. 12Publ Hlth England, London, England. 13Univ Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Dept Internal Med, Rome, Italy. 14Carol Davila Univ Med & Pharm, Cardiol Dept, Bucharest, Romania. 15Bucharest Carol Davila Univ Econ Studies, Dept Stat & Econometr, Bucharest, Romania. 16Inst Hlth Carlos III, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain. 17Autonomous Univ Madrid, Dept Psychiat, Madrid, Spain. 18Med Univ Lodz, Dept Hypertens, Lodz, Poland. 19Polish Mothers Mem Hosp Res Inst, Lodz, Poland. 20Heidelberg Univ, Heidelberg Inst Global Hlth HIGH, Heidelberg, Germany. 21Harvard Univ, TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. 22Univ Piemonte Orientale, Dept Translat Med, Novara, Italy. 23Charles Univ Prague, Dept Social & Clin Pharm, Hradec Kralova, Czech Republic. 24United Arab Emirates Univ, Inst Publ Hlth, Al Ain, U Arab Emirates. 25Univ Porto, Res Unit Appl Mol Biosci UCIBIO, Porto, Portugal. 26Univ Fernando Pessoa, Fac Hlth Sci, Porto, Portugal. 27Univ Birmingham, Inst Appl Hlth Res, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. 28Univ West Indies, Fac Med Sci, St Augustine, Trinidad Tobago. 29Univ Porto, Dept Chem Sci, Porto, Portugal. 30Univ Porto, Dept Med, Porto, Portugal. 31Inst Res & Adv Training Hlth Sci & Technol CESPU, Dept Hlth Sci, Famalicao, Portugal. 32Kings Coll London, Fac Life Sci & Med, London, England. 33Guys & St Thomas NHS Fdn Trust, Dept Clin Toxicol, London, England. 34Save Children, Natl Ctr AIDS & STD Control, Kathmandu, Nepal. 35Univ Porto, Lab Toxicol, Porto, Portugal. 36Univ Ibadan, Epidemiol & Med Stat, Ibadan, Nigeria. 37Univ St Andrews, Populat & Behav Sci, St Andrews, Fife, Scotland. 38Univ Porto, Associated Lab Green Chem LAQV, Porto, Portugal. 39Univ Milano Bicocca, Res Ctr Publ Hlth, Monza, Italy. 40Charite Med Univ Berlin, Inst Publ Hlth, Berlin, Germany. 41Semmelweis Univ, Hlth Serv Management Training Ctr, Budapest, Hungary. 42Sapientia Hungarian Univ Transylvania, Dept Appl Social Sci, Targu Mures, Romania. 43IRCCS Neuromed, Dept Epidemiol & Prevent, Pozzilli, Italy. 44Erasmus MC, Dept Publ Hlth, Rotterdam, Netherlands. 45Univ Barcelona, Res Unit, Barcelona, Spain. 46Biomed Res Networking Ctr Mental Hlth Network Cib, Barcelona, Spain. 47Univ Huddersfield, Dept Pharm, Huddersfield, W Yorkshire, England. 48Univ Newcastle, Sch Biomed Sci & Pharm, Newcastle, NSW, Australia. 49Univ Liverpool, Dept Primary Care & Mental Hlth, Liverpool, Merseyside, England. 50Carol Davila Univ Med & Pharm, Dept Legal Med & Bioeth, Bucharest, Romania. 51Natl Inst Legal Med Mina Minovici, Clin Legal Med Dept, Bucharest, Romania. 52Univ Insubria, Res Ctr Epidemiol & Prevent Med EPIMED, Varese, Italy. 53Univ Naples Federico II, Dept Publ Hlth, Naples, Italy. 54Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci, Funct Neurosurg Res Ctr, Tehram, Iran. 55Univ Lausanne UNIL, Div Pulm Med, Lausanne, Switzerland. 56Inst Mol & Clin Ophthalmol Basel, Basel, Switzerland. 57Heidelberg Univ, Dept Ophthalmol, Mannheim, Germany. 58Univ Opole, Dept Family Med & Publ Hlth, Opole, Poland. 59Univ Glasgow, MRC CSO Social & Publ Hlth Sci Unit, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. 60Karolinska Inst, Dept Mol Med & Surg, Stockholm, Sweden. 61Surgery Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland. 62United Arab Emirates Univ, Family Med Dept, Al Ain, U Arab Emirates. 63NHS North West London, Primary Care Dept, London, England. 64Kristiania Univ Coll, Sch Hlth Sci, Oslo, Norway. 65Tulane Univ, Dept Global Community Hlth & Behav Sci, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. 66Oslo Metropolitan Univ, Dept Nursing & Hlth Promot, Oslo, Norway. 67UCL, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, London, England. 68Univ Helsinki, Dept Publ Hlth, Helsinki, Finland. 69Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, Hlth Syst Div, Dhaka, Bangladesh. 70Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, Populat Studies Div, Dhaka, Bangladesh. 71London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Ctr Global Mental Hlth, London, England. 72Biomed Res Networking Ctr Mental Hlth Network CIB, San Juan de Dios Sanitary Pk, St Boi De Llobregat, Spain. 73Catalan Inst Res & Adv Studies ICREA, Barcelona, Spain. 74UCL, Div Psychol & Language Sci, London, England. 75Univ Nairobi, Dept Psychiat, Nairobi, Kenya. 76Univ Regensburg, Dept Psychiat & Psychotherapy, Regensburg, Germany. 77Univ Catania, Clin & Expt Med, Catania, Italy. 78Univ Leicester, Dept Hlth Sci, Leicester, Leics, England. 79Ist Super Sanita Italian Natl Inst Hlth, Natl Ctr Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Rome, Italy. 80Univ Coll Dublin, UCD Ctr Disabil Studies, Dublin, Ireland. 81Univ Porto, Lab Proc Engn Environm Biotechnol & Energy LEPABE, Porto, Portugal. 82Polytech Inst Porto, Sch Hlth, Porto, Portugal. 83Univ Inst Hlth Sci, Inst Res & Adv Training Hlth Sci & Technol, Gandra, Portugal. 84Hosp Univ Doctor Peset, Psychiat Dept, Valencia, Spain. 85Univ Valencia, Dept Med, Valencia, Spain. 86Hlth Policy Res Publ Hlth Fdn India, Gurugram, India. 87Univ Liverpool, Inst Populat Hlth Sci, Liverpool, Merseyside, England. 88Univ Queensland, Sch Publ Hlth, Queensland Brain Inst, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. 89Aarhus Univ, Natl Ctr Register Based Res, Aarhus, Denmark. 90Univ Vlora, Dept Healthcare, Vlora City, Albania. 91Univ Crete, Clin Social & Family Med, Iraklion, Greece. 92Natl & Kapodistrian Univ Athens, Univ Res Inst, Athens, Greece. 93Dr Zora Profozic Polyclin, Clin Microbiol & Parasitol Unit, Zagreb, Croatia. 94Univ North, Univ Ctr Varazdin, Varazhdin, Croatia. 95Pomeranian Med Univ, Ctr Innovat Med Educ, Szczecin, Poland. 96Bucharest Univ Econ Studies, Dept Stat & Econometr, Bucharest, Romania. 97IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Gen Hosp, Dept Med Sci, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy. 98Frankfurt Univ Appl Sci, Inst Addict Res ISFF, Frankfurt, Germany. 99Ahmadu Bello Univ, Hlth Syst & Policy Res Unit, Zaria, Nigeria. 100Tech Univ Berlin, Dept Hlth Care Management, Berlin, Germany. 101Gen Univ Hosp Patras, Dept Surg, Patras, Greece. 102Univ Thessaly, Med Sch, Larisa, Greece. 103Ulm Univ, Inst Epidemiol & Med Biometry, Ulm, Germany. 104Carol Davila Univ Med & Pharm, Dept Gen Surg, Bucharest, Romania. 105Emergency Hosp Bucharest, Dept Gen Surg, Bucharest, Romania. 106Dept Anat & Embryol Romania, Bucharest, Romania. 107Cardio Aid, Bucharest, Romania. 108Natl Hosp, Dept Pediat, Abuja, Nigeria. 109Univ Liverpool, Dept Int Publ Hlth, Liverpool, Merseyside, England. 110Inst Hlth Carlos III, Natl Sch Publ Hlth, Madrid, Spain. 111Anglia Ruskin Univ, Vis & Eye Res Inst, Cambridge, England. 112Univ Edinburgh, Global Hlth Governance Programme, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. 113Univ Leeds, Sch Dent, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England. 114Univ Porto, Dept Chem, Porto, Portugal. 115St Georges Univ London, Inst Infect & Immun, London, England. 116Univ Groningen, Univ Med Ctr Groningen, Sch Econ & Business, Groningen, Netherlands. 117Imperial Coll London, WHO Collaborating Ctr Publ Hlth Educ & Training, London, England. 118Imperial Coll London, Dept Primary Care & Publ Hlth, London, England. 119Univ Coll London Hosp, London, England. 120Acad Publ Hlth England, London, England. 121Maimonides Biomed Res Inst Cordoba IMIBIC, Clin & Epidemiol Res Primary Care GICEAP, Cordoba, Spain. 122Burlo Garofolo Inst Maternal & Child Hlth, Clin Epidemiol & Publ Hlth Res Unit, Trieste, Italy. 123Univ Bergen, Dept Psychosocial Sci, Bergen, Norway. 124Univ Bologna, Dept Biomed & Neuromotor Sci, Bologna, Italy. 125Univ Zurich, Swiss Res Inst Publ Hlth & Addict, Zurich, Switzerland. 126Univ Groningen, Interdisciplinary Ctr Psychopathol & Emot Regulat, Groningen, Netherlands. 127Debre Berhan Univ, Dept Nursing, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia. 128Finnish Inst Occupat Hlth, Helsinki, Finland. 129Kings Coll London, London Inst Healthcare Engn, London, England. 130Univ Nottingham, Div Psychiat & Appl Psychol, Nottingham, England. 131Reykjavik Univ, Dept Psychol, Reykjavik, Iceland. 132Columbia Univ, Dept Hlth & Behav Studies, New York, NY USA. 133Univ Porto, Dept Biol Sci, Porto, Portugal. 134Sf Pantelimon Emergency Clin Hosp Bucharest, Surg, Bucharest, Romania. 135Semmelweis Univ, Fac Hlth & Publ Adm, Budapest, Hungary. 136Carlos III Hlth Inst, Biomed Res Networking Ctr Mental Hlth Network Cib, Madrid, Spain. 137Univ Lisbon, Psychiat & Med Psychol Dept, Lisbon, Portugal. 138Hosp Garcia de Orta, Child & Adolescent Mental Hlth Serv CAMHS, Almada, Portugal. 139Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Pathol & Legal Med, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil. 140Modestum LTD, London, England. 141UKK Inst, Tampere, Finland. 142Tampere Univ, Fac Med & Hlth Technol, Tampere, Finland. 143Univ Catania, Dept Med & Surg Sci & Adv Technol, Catania, Italy. 144UCL, UCL Great Ormond St Inst Child Hlth, London, England. 145Fed Inst Populat Res, Demog Change & Aging Res Area, Wiesbaden, Germany. 146Univ Oslo, Inst Hlth & Soc, Oslo, Norway. 147Tech Univ Munich, Dept Neurol, Munich, Germany. 148Univ Washington, Sch Med, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Dept Hlth Metr Sci, Seattle, WA USA. 149Univ Queensland, Sch Publ Hlth, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. |
| Format: | article |
| Version: | published version |
| Access: | open |
| Online Access: | PDF Full Text (PDF, 1.7 MB) |
| Persistent link: | http://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi-fe2022092259939 |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier,
2022
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| Publish Date: | 2022-09-29 |
| Description: |
AbstractBackground: Mental health is a public health issue for European young people, with great heterogeneity in resource allocation. Representative population-based studies are needed. The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2019 provides internationally comparable information on trends in the health status of populations and changes in the leading causes of disease burden over time. Methods: Prevalence, incidence, Years Lived with Disability (YLDs) and Years of Life Lost (YLLs) from mental disorders (MDs), substance use disorders (SUDs) and self-harm were estimated for young people aged 10–24 years in 31 European countries. Rates per 100,000 population, percentage changes in 1990–2019, 95% Uncertainty Intervals (UIs), and correlations with Sociodemographic Index (SDI), were estimated. Findings: In 2019, rates per 100,000 population were 16,983 (95% UI 12,823–21,630) for MDs, 3,891 (3,020–4,905) for SUDs, and 89·1 (63·8–123·1) for self-harm. In terms of disability, anxiety contributed to 647·3 (432–912·3) YLDs, while in terms of premature death, self-harm contributed to 319·6 (248·9–412·8) YLLs, per 100,000 population. Over the 30 years studied, YLDs increased in eating disorders (14·9%;9·4–20·1) and drug use disorders (16·9%;8·9–26·3), and decreased in idiopathic developmental intellectual disability (–29·1%;23·8-38·5). YLLs decreased in self-harm (–27·9%;38·3–18·7). Variations were found by sex, age-group and country. The burden of SUDs and self-harm was higher in countries with lower SDI, MDs were associated with SUDs. Interpretation: Mental health conditions represent an important burden among young people living in Europe. National policies should strengthen mental health, with a specific focus on young people. see all
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| Series: |
The Lancet. Regional health – Europe |
| ISSN: | 2666-7762 |
| ISSN-E: | 2666-7762 |
| ISSN-L: | 2666-7762 |
| Volume: | 16 |
| Article number: | 100341 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.lanepe.2022.100341 |
| OADOI: | https://oadoi.org/10.1016/j.lanepe.2022.100341 |
| Type of Publication: |
A1 Journal article – refereed |
| Field of Science: |
3142 Public health care science, environmental and occupational health 3124 Neurology and psychiatry |
| Subjects: | |
| Funding: |
The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation |
| Dataset Reference: |
To download the data used in these analyses, please visit the Global Health Data Exchange GBD 2019 website (http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-2019). Supplementary material associated with this article can be found in the online version at doi:10.1016/j.lanepe.2022.100341. |
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http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-2019 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lanepe.2022.100341 |
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| Copyright information: |
© 2022 The Author(s). This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
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https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |