High-resolution spectral and anisotropy characteristics of solar protons during the GLE N°73 on 28 October 2021 derived with neutron-monitor data analysis
Mishev, Alexander L.; Kocharov, Leon G.; Koldobskiy, Sergey A.; Larsen, Nicholas; Riihonen, Esa; Vainio, Rami; Usoskin, Ilya G. (2022-07-08)
Mishev, A.L., Kocharov, L.G., Koldobskiy, S.A. et al. High-Resolution Spectral and Anisotropy Characteristics of Solar Protons During the GLE N∘73 on 28 October 2021 Derived with Neutron-Monitor Data Analysis. Sol Phys 297, 88 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11207-022-02026-0
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https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi-fe2022100561161
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Abstract
The first ground-level enhancement of the current Solar Cycle 25 occurred on 28 October 2021. It was observed by several space-borne and ground-based instruments, specifically neutron monitors. A moderate count-rate increase over the background was observed by high-altitude polar stations on the South Pole and Dome C stations at the Antarctic plateau. Most of the neutron monitors registered only marginal count-rate increases. Using detrended records and employing a method verified by direct space-borne measurements, we derive the rigidity spectra and angular distributions of the incoming solar protons in the vicinity of Earth. For the analysis, we employed a newly computed and parameterized neutron-monitor yield function. The rigidity spectra and anisotropy of solar protons were obtained in their time evolution throughout the event. A comparison with the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory/Energetic and Relativistic Nuclei and Electron (SOHO/ENRE) experiment data is also performed. We briefly discuss the results derived from our analysis.
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