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Estimation of cosmic-ray-induced atmospheric ionization and radiation at commercial aviation flight altitudes |
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| Author: | Makrantoni, Panagiota1; Tezari, Anastasia1,2; Stassinakis, Argyris N.1; |
| Organizations: |
1Athens Cosmic Ray Group, Faculty of Physics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece 2Eugenides Foundation, 17564 Athens, Greece 3Medical Physics Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11517 Athens, Greece
4DNA Damage Laboratory, Physics Department, School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), Zografou, Athens 15780, Greece
5Space Physics and Astronomy Research Unit and Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory, University of Oulu, FIN-90014 Oulu, Finland 6Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy, 1180 Brussels, Belgium |
| Format: | article |
| Version: | published version |
| Access: | open |
| Online Access: | PDF Full Text (PDF, 2.3 MB) |
| Persistent link: | http://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi-fe2023021527336 |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute,
2022
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| Publish Date: | 2023-02-15 |
| Description: |
AbstractThe main source of the ionization of the Earth’s atmosphere is the cosmic radiation that depends on solar activity as well as geomagnetic activity. Galactic cosmic rays constitute a permanent radiation background and contribute significantly to the radiation exposure inside the atmosphere. In this work, the cosmic-ray-induced ionization of the Earth’s atmosphere, due to both solar and galactic cosmic radiation during the recent solar cycles 23 (1996–2008) and 24 (2008–2019), was studied globally. Estimations of the ionization were based on the CRAC:CRII model by the University of Oulu. The use of this model allowed for extensive calculations from the Earth’s surface (atmospheric depth 1033 g/cm2) to the upper limit of the atmosphere (atmospheric depth 0 g/cm2). Monte Carlo simulations were performed for the estimation quantities of radiobiological interest with the validated software DYASTIMA/DYASTIMA-R. This study was focused on specific altitudes of interest, such as the common flight levels used by commercial aviation. see all
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| Series: |
Applied sciences |
| ISSN: | 2076-3417 |
| ISSN-E: | 2076-3417 |
| ISSN-L: | 2076-3417 |
| Volume: | 12 |
| Issue: | 11 |
| Article number: | 5297 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/app12115297 |
| OADOI: | https://oadoi.org/10.3390/app12115297 |
| Type of Publication: |
A1 Journal article – refereed |
| Field of Science: |
115 Astronomy and space science |
| Subjects: | |
| Copyright information: |
© 2022 by the authors. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
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https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |