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Evolutionary history of grazing and resources determine herbivore exclusion effects on plant diversity |
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| Author: | Price, Jodi N.1; Sitters, Judith2,3; Ohlert, Timothy4; |
| Organizations: |
1Gulbali Institute, Charles Sturt University, Albury, New South Wales, Australia 2Ecology and Biodiversity, Department Biology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium 3Wageningen Environmental Research, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
4Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
5IFEVA-CONICET, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina 6Department of Agricultural Biology and Graduate Degree Program in Ecology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA 7Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA 8CSIRO Land and Water, Wembley, Western Australia, Australia 9Department of Aquatic Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Wageningen, the Netherlands 10Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada 11Department of Entomology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA 12Faculty of Environmental and Forest Sciences, Agricultural University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland 13Centre for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India 14Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto-Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario, Canada 15School of Environmental and Forest Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA 16Rangeland Resources & Systems Research Unit, USDA Agricultural Research Service, Fort Collins, CO, USA 17Archbold Biological Station, Buck Island Ranch, Lake Placid, FL, USA 18Department of Plant Biology and Program in Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA 19Centre for Applied Ecology ‘Prof. Baeta Neves’ (CEABN-InBIO), School of Agriculture, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal 20Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto-Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario, Canada 21Forest Research Centre, School of Agriculture, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal 22Desert Ecology Research Group, School of Life & Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia 23Department of Zoology, School of Natural Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland 24Ecology and Biodiversity Group, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands 25Institute of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland 26Department of Biology and Animal Sciences, São Paulo State University-UNESP, Ilha Solteira, Brazil 27Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA 28School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia 29Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia 30Community Ecology, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland 31Environmental and Conservation Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia 32Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK 33Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology, Wageningen, the Netherlands 34Ecology and Genetics, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland |
| Format: | article |
| Version: | accepted version |
| Access: | open |
| Online Access: | PDF Full Text (PDF, 1.8 MB) |
| Persistent link: | http://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi-fe2023030730217 |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Springer Nature,
2022
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| Publish Date: | 2023-03-07 |
| Description: |
AbstractEcological models predict that the effects of mammalian herbivore exclusion on plant diversity depend on resource availability and plant exposure to ungulate grazing over evolutionary time. Using an experiment replicated in 57 grasslands on six continents, with contrasting evolutionary history of grazing, we tested how resources (mean annual precipitation and soil nutrients) determine herbivore exclusion effects on plant diversity, richness and evenness. Here we show that at sites with a long history of ungulate grazing, herbivore exclusion reduced plant diversity by reducing both richness and evenness and the responses of richness and diversity to herbivore exclusion decreased with mean annual precipitation. At sites with a short history of grazing, the effects of herbivore exclusion were not related to precipitation but differed for native and exotic plant richness. Thus, plant species’ evolutionary history of grazing continues to shape the response of the world’s grasslands to changing mammalian herbivory. see all
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| Series: |
Nature ecology & evolution |
| ISSN: | 2397-334X |
| ISSN-E: | 2397-334X |
| ISSN-L: | 2397-334X |
| Volume: | 6 |
| Issue: | 9 |
| Pages: | 1290 - 1298 |
| DOI: | 10.1038/s41559-022-01809-9 |
| OADOI: | https://oadoi.org/10.1038/s41559-022-01809-9 |
| Type of Publication: |
A1 Journal article – refereed |
| Field of Science: |
1181 Ecology, evolutionary biology 1172 Environmental sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Funding: |
This work was generated using data from the Nutrient Network (http://www.nutnet.org) experiment, funded at the site scale by individual researchers. Author contributions are detailed in the 'Author contributions' section and Supplementary Table 9; Supplementary Table 10 lists all data contributors who are not authors. Coordination and data management have been supported by funding to E.T.B and E.W.S. from the National Science Foundation Research Coordination Network (NSF-DEB-1042132) and Long-Term Ecological Research (NSF-DEB-1234162 and NSF-DEB-1831944 to Cedar Creek LTER) programmes and the Institute on the Environment (DG-0001-13). Soil analyses were supported, in part, by USDA-ARS grant no. 58-3098-7-007 to E.T.B. We also thank the Minnesota Supercomputer Institute for hosting project data and the Institute on the Environment for hosting Network meetings. J.S. was supported by The Research Foundation Flanders (FWO), grant no. 12N2618N. I.C.B. and I.S.J. were supported by University of Iceland Research Fund (2015), Soil Conservation Service of Iceland and Orkurannsoknasjoour Landsvirkjunnar (NYR-09-2017, NYR-14-2018, NYR-12-2019). P.T. acknowledges C. Silvoso, C. Molina and S. Campana for field assistance, the familia Bordeu for allowing long-term research on their property and Agro Servicios Pampeanos A.S. for providing the fertilizers. S.M.P. thanks G. Wiehl for assistance with data collection, D. and M. French for supporting the Mt Caroline NutNet site on their property and support through the Terrestrial Ecosystems Research Network (TERN) Great Western Woodlands Supersite. C.A.A. thanks A. Rivero, K. Brinsko, J. Garrett, H. Lee and Agroecology Research Interns for field and laboratory support. L.S.L. thanks F. and S. Papel e Celulose for field support. R.L.M. thanks J. Nelson and E. Carlisle for field support. M.C.C. acknowledges Companhia das Lezirias for hosting the site and Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia (FCT) funding for the Forest Research Centre (CEF) (UID/00239/2020). G.M.W. thanks B. Tamayo for technical assistance and Bush Heritage Australia for hosting the site on their property. This is publication no. 7387 of the Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW) and KBS contribution 2315. |
| Copyright information: |
© 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited. This version of the article has been accepted for publication, after peer review (when applicable) and is subject to Springer Nature’s AM terms of use, but is not the Version of Record and does not reflect post-acceptance improvements, or any corrections. The Version of Record is available online at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41559-022-01809-9. |