A discrete-time Markov chain based comparison of the MAC layer performance of C-V2X mode 4 and IEEE 802.11p
Wijesiri, Geeth P.; Haapola, Jussi; Samarasinghe, Tharaka (2020-12-14)
G. P. Wijesiri N.B.A., J. Haapola and T. Samarasinghe, "A Discrete-Time Markov Chain Based Comparison of the MAC Layer Performance of C-V2X Mode 4 and IEEE 802.11p," in IEEE Transactions on Communications, vol. 69, no. 4, pp. 2505-2517, April 2021, doi: 10.1109/TCOMM.2020.3044340
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https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi-fe20201216100918
Tiivistelmä
Abstract
Vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication plays a pivotal role in intelligent transport systems (ITS) with cellular-vehicle to everything (C-V2X) and IEEE 802.11p being the two competing enabling technologies. This paper presents multi-dimensional discrete-time Markov chain (DTMC) based models to study the medium access control (MAC) layer performance of the IEEE 802.11p standard and C-V2X Mode 4, considering periodic cooperative awareness messages (CAMs) and event-driven decentralized environmental notification messages (DENMs). Closed-form solutions for the models’ steady-state probabilities are obtained, which are then utilized to derive expressions for several key performance metrics. Numerical results are provided to draw insights on the performance. In particular, a performance comparison between IEEE 802.11p and C-V2X Mode 4 in terms of the average delay, the collision probability, and the channel utilization is presented. The results show that IEEE 802.11p is superior in terms of average delay, whereas C-V2X Mode 4 excels in collision resolution. The paper also includes design insights on possible future MAC layer performance enhancements of both standards.
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